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The outbreak of 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has spread from Wuhan to the whole country. After the Spring Festival, workers will return to workplace and students will return to school. There is an increasing risk of 2019-nCoV cases being imported into provinces and cities. In order to promote the prevention and control of 2019-nCoV infection, reduce the risk of transmission in medical institutions, and ensure medical quality and medical safety, it is necessary to carry out the detection test of 2019-nCoV in biosafety class II laboratory. In order to achieve the goal of zero infection of the laboratory personnel, different preventive measures should be taken to assess the risk of the experimental activities.
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In order to promote the prevention and control of 2019-nCoV infection, reduce the risk of transmission in medical institutions, and ensure medical quality and medical safety, it is necessary to carry out the detection test of 2019-nCoV in biosafety class Ⅱ laboratory. In order to achieve the goal of zero infection of the laboratory personnel, different preventive measures should be taken to assess the risk of the experimental activities.
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Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of adult patients with community acquired pneumonia (CAP) caused by acute Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection, and provide evidence for early identification of MP infection. Methods A prospective, multicenter and cross-sectional study was conducted. 452 adult patients with CAP admitted to Beijing Friendship Hospital, Beijing Guangwai Hospital and Air Force General Hospital from August 2011 to October 2015 were enrolled. The diagnosis of adult MP infection was confirmed by the combined application of double serum antibody titer and MP-DNA nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) through testing serum and throat swab samples from patients to identify acute infections, past infections, pathogen carrying, and non-MP infection. The clinical characteristics of patients with acute MP infection were summarized by analyzing the baseline data, clinical parameters and chest imaging findings in patients with non-MP infection and acute MP infection. Results Of 452 enrolling patients with CAP, 288 patients (63.7%) suffered from MP infection, and 164 patients (36.3%) with non-MP infection. There were 56 patients (12.4%) with acute infection, 10 patients (2.2%) with past infections, 222 patients (49.1%) with pathogen carriers in MP infective patients indicating susceptible to MP in adult patients. There were no significant differences in gender, age, fever extent, duration of fever, sputum production, shortness of breath, rales, underlying diseases, etc. between non-MP infection and acute MP infection patients, which suggested that the baseline data of the two groups were equilibrium. The acute infection rates of MP in summer and autumn (43.9% and 43.5% respectively) were more than those in spring and winter (13.3% and 12.3% respectively). It was shown by laboratory examination results that serum cardiac troponin T (cTnT) increased significantly in acute MP infectious patients more than that in non-MP infection patients (30.4% vs. 9.8%, P < 0.01), which indicated that patients with acute MP infection were more likely to have myocardial injury. While there were no significant differences in blood routine, blood electrolytes, blood glucose, as well as heart, liver and kidney function between the two groups. It was shown by chest imaging that the diffuse lesions (57.1% vs. 37.2%), mediastinal lymphadenopathy (60.7% vs. 37.8%) were less founded in the middle lobe of the right lung (12.5% vs. 32.9%), which were the main manifestations in patients with acute MP infection as compared with non-MP infection patients with statistical difference (all P < 0.01). There were no significant differences in the chest imaging performances of pulmonary ground glass shadow, lobar and segmental consolidation, patch shadow, a shadow, acinar nodules, grinding glass density nodules, the photic zone, hilar lymphadenopathy and pleural effusion occurrence between the two groups. Conclusion Adult CAP patients are easy to carry MP, myocardial damage is a common complication in acute MP infectious patients which are characteristic of image findings of diffuse lung disease, mediastinal lymphadenopathy and less founded in the middle lobe of the right lung.
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Objective To study the relation of disease classification and osteoporosis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,and to provide a theoretical basis for secondary osteoporosis.Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical data of 126 patients with COPD from January 2012 to December 2014 was made.50 non-COPD patients were included as control group,the pulmonary function and BMD of the femoral neck,trochanter,Ward Dis-trict were detected.And according to FEV1 , all patients were divided into mild pulmonary dysfunction group ( n=31),moderate pulmonary dysfunction group (n=54) and severe pulmonary dysfunction group (n=41);the rate of osteoporosis were measured in COPD group and non-COPD group,the difference of BMD were compared in patients with different pulmonary injury.Results ( 1 ) There were 45 cases of osteoporosis in 126 patients with COPD, accounting for 35.7%, 22 cases of osteopenia, accounting for 17.5%.There were 9 cases of osteoporosis in 50 patients with non-COPD,accounting for 18%,the incidence of osteoporosis were statistically different in COPD group and non-COPD group,χ2 =5.281,P<0.05.(2)The BMD of the femoral neck in mild COPD group,moderate COPD group,severe COPD group and non-COPD group were (0.74 ±0.11) g/cm,(0.66 ±0.08) g/cm,(0.56 ± 0.05)g/cm and (0.94 ±0.10) g/cm,the BMD of trochanter were respectively (0.71 ±0.12) g/cm,(0.63 ± 0.07)g/cm,(0.56 ±0.05)g/cm and (0.95 ±0.08)g/cm,the BMD of Ward District were (0.88 ±0.14)g/cm, (0.72 ±0.10)g/cm,(0.61 ±0.07)g/cm and (0.96 ±0.09)g/cm respectively,which were statistically significant (F=7.557,6.852,7.432,all P<0.01).The BMD of the femoral neck,trochanter,Ward District in COPD group were significantly less than non-COPD,and the more severe of pulmonary dysfunction,the more decreases of bone density.(3) The FEV1% in osteoporosis group,osteopenia group,normal BMD group were respectively (59.0 ±8.7)%,(77.7 ±7.6)% and (49.4 ±15.8)%;the FVC% were (77.8 ±28.8)%,(88.9 ±38.4)%,(73.8 ± 21.1)%;the FEV1/FVC were (66.5 ±20.6)%,(59.8 ±24.2)%,(34.1 ±3.6)%(F=9.554,5.556,7.487,all P<0.01),Conclusion There were a certain correlation between BMD and lung function.Osteoporosis is one of the extrapulmonary effects in elder COPD patients.So BMD should be regularly monitored for helping for early prevention and treatment of osteoporosis and development in osteoporosis,and improving lung function and clinical efficacy.
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Infectious disease hospitals are obliged to cope with public health emergencies such as outbreak of infectious diseases.Such hospitals are required to make early detection,early containment,proper management,reasonable preplans,timely training,targeted drills,reasonable deployment of hospital resources,appropriate protection for hospital staff.General hospitals should also cope with prevention and control of infectious diseases to some extent,and work with infectious disease hospitals hand in hand to better cope with such outbreaks.
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Objective To investigate the hemodynamics of basilar artery and its blood-supply area in patients with vertigo by 3.0 T MR.Methods Fifty patients with vertigo were selected as case group and 50 healthy volunteers were selected as control group.All subjects in the case group and in control group were examined by brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),magnetic resonance angiography(MRA),fast cine phase contrast(Fast CINE PC) and flow-sensitive alternating inversion recovery sequence (FAIR).After image postprocessing,the velocity and the blood flow volume of basilar artery were measured and calculated.The FAIR value of bilateral occipital lobe,cerebellum,pons and medulla oblongata was measured.Statistical testing was performed.Results The average velocity,peak velocity and blood flow volume of the basilar artery in case group were significantly lower than those in the control group(the average velocity:(22.47 ±9.14) cm/s vs (31.41 ±5.97) cm/s,t =-5.79,P ＜ 0.0001 ; peak velocity:(31.60 ± 13.18) cm/s vs (44.00 ± 7.84) cm/s,t =-5.71,P ＜0.0001 ;blood flow volume:(91.14 ±43.92) ml/min vs (127.49 ± 28.33) ml/min,t =-4.92,P ＜0.0001).The perfusion of the posterior circulation in the case group was lower than that in the control group ((882.35 ±35.22) vs (906.34 ±36.82),t =-3.33,P =0.0012).The average velocity,peak velocity and blood flow volume of the basilar artery in case group whose brain parenchyma and blood vessels were normal were (26.31 ±5.16) cm/s,(36.33 ±6.60) cm/s,(95.38 ±28.16) ml/min respectively,which were all less than those in the control group (average velocity:t =-2.72,P =0.0086 ; peak velocity:t =-3.12,P =0.0027 ;blood flow volume:t =-3.53,P =0.0008).The perfusion of the basilar artery blood-supply area in case group whose brain parenchyma and blood vessels were normal was (904.00 ± 35.82),there was no difference when compared with the control group (906.00 ± 36.82,t =-0.20,P =0.8427).Conclusion Whether the brain parenchyma and blood vessels is normal or not,the velocity and blood flow volume of the basilar artery in patients with vertigo are decreased,but the perfusion of the basilar artery blood-supply area are different,it depends on whether there is ischemia.
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Objective To assess the value of a fibrin-targeted contrast agent (EP-2104R) for MR detection of thrombus, and to compare this modality with non-contrast-enhanced (NCE) MRI and Gd-DTPA injection at acute period after thrombus generation. Methods Thrombus was induced with external injury and stasis in 5 rabbits. MRI was performed before and after contrast agent injection at 6.0 h after injury, and the MRI findings were compared with that of histopathologically examinations. Results EP-2104R enhanced MRI accurately detected thrombus, which was superior to both NCE and Gd-DTPA injection (P<0.001). Gd-DTPA injection was not associated with improvement of thrombus detection. Conclusion Being a fibrin-targeted MR contrast agent for in vivo detection of acute thrombus, EP-2104R is superior to NCE MRI and Gd-DTPA injection.
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Objective To observe the clinical effect of the treatment of bronchial asthma with the Qingfeiyin and Bailing capsule.Methods 107 cases with bronchial asthma were classified into a control group and a treatment group randomly.The control group was treated with the Ipratropine (40-80 ug for each time)and the treatment group was glven Ipratropine and Qingfeireyin(50ml for each time)plus Bailing Capsule(30pills for each time).One course of treatment was 2months.Results The therapeutic effect of treatment group was significantly better than the control group(P＜0.05).Condusion Qingfeiyin and Bailing capsule has excellent effect in treating bronchial asthma.
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OBJECTIVE To analyze the effect of the disposable over-shoes for the control of nosocomial infection of the intensive care units(ICU). METHODS The effects of the disposable over-shoes for the environment contamination and nosocomial infection control of the surgical ICU were investigated. RESULTS The mean of air bacteria colony counts when disposable over-shoes were worn was lower than that when without their use by healthcare workers (P0.05). The rates of nosocomial infection beteen them were 21.5‰ and 17.1‰,respectively. CONCLUSIONS The use of disposable over-shoes can't improve the environment quality and is not benefit for the control of nosocomial infection of surgical ICU.
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OBJECTIVE To know the compliance and it′s impact factors of hand hygiene of healthcare workers.METHODS The wards and healthcare workers were sampled randomly.Survey the compliance,qualified rate and impact factors of hand hygiene of healthcare workers when they didn′t know to be observed by special training staffs.RESULTS The compliance and the qualified rate of hand hygiene was 30.2% bothly,and be affected by the time before or after operation,occupations and work post.The factors causing low qualified rate were anenough time and improper technique for washing hand,and drying hand wrong.CONCLUSIONS The hand hygiene for healthcare workers in hospitals should be strengthened.